Granada
In 2001, a recruitment of pregnant women for a cohort was started in the Clinical Hospital of Granada and the Hospital of the West of Almeria, with the intention to study the relevance of malformations in the masculine genitourinary tract in new born children.
The objective was to try to demonstrate that there is a relation between the chronic exposure of the mother to environmental chemical compounds with hormonal activity, “endocrine disruptors” and the frequency of cryptorchidism and hypospadias in the descendants.
That is why approximately 700 women who had given birth to male children were recruited, 50 of them where indexed with cryptorchidism and/or hypospadias. In a parallel way, a case-control study was begun with 150 new born children with intervention in the diet during the pregnancy (supplement of folic acid to the mothers).
The cohort of mother and children is providing very useful information on the maternal-infantile exposure to chemical compounds with hormonal activity. The studies that already have begun have been useful to show the existing importance of the maternal exposure and regional differences with other European countries. The additional use of exposure markers is being a key issue in the characterisation of the interactions between chemical compounds and the resulting hormonal effect.
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Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children in Europe
Forns J, Sunyer J, Garcia-Esteban R, Porta D, Ghassabian A, Giorgis-Allemand L, Gong T, Gehring U, Sørensen M, Standl M, Sugiri D, Almqvist C, Andiarena A, Badaloní C, Beelen R, Berdel D, Cesaroni G, Charles MA, Eriksen KT, Estarlich M, Fernandez MF, Forhan A, Jaddoe VWV, Korek M, Lichtenstein P, Lertxundi A, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Markevych I, de Nazelle A, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Pérez-Lobato R, Philippat C, Slama R, Tiesler CM, Verhulst FC, von Berg A, Vrijkotte T, Nybo Andersen AM, Heude B, Krämer U, Heinrich J, Tiemeier H, Forastiere F, Pershagen G, Brunekreef B, Guxens M. Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children in Europe. Epidemiology. 2018 Sep;29(5):618-626. PMID: 29923866
Personal exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields in Europe: Is there a generation gap?
Eeftens M, Struchen B, Birks LE, Cardis E, Estarlich M, Fernandez MF, Gajšek P, Gallastegi M, Huss A, Kheifets L, Meder IK, Olsen J, Torrent M, Trček T, Valič B, Vermeulen R, Vrijheid M, van Wel L, Guxens M, Röösli M. Personal exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields in Europe: Is there a generation gap?. Environ Int. 2018 Dec;121(Pt 1):216-226. PMID: 30216774
Anogenital distance and reproductive outcomes in 9- to 11-year-old boys: the INMA-Granada cohort study
Freire C, Ocón-Hernández O, Dávila-Arias C, Pérez-Lobato R, Calvente I, Ramos R, Olea N, Fernández MF. Anogenital distance and reproductive outcomes in 9- to 11-year-old boys: the INMA-Granada cohort study. Andrology. 2018 Nov;6(6):874-881. PMID: 30113141
The INMA-INfancia y Medio Ambiente-(Environment and Childhood) project: More than 10 years contributing to environmental and neuropsychological research
Gascon M, Guxens M, Vrijheid M, Torrent M, Ibarluzea J, Fano E, Llop S, Ballester F, Fernández MF, Tardón A, Fernández-Somoano A, Sunyer J. The INMA-INfancia y Medio Ambiente-(Environment and Childhood) project: More than 10 years contributing to environmental and neuropsychological research. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2017 Jun;220(4):647-658. PMID: 28291591
The Influence of Meteorological Factors and Atmospheric Pollutants on the Risk of Preterm Birth
Giorgis-Allemand L, Pedersen M, Bernard C, Aguilera I, Beelen RM, Chatzi L, Cirach M, Danileviciute A, Dedele A, van Eijsden M, Estarlich M, Fernández-Somoano A, Fernández MF, Forastiere F, Gehring U, Grazuleviciene R, Gruzieva O, Heude B, Hoek G, de. The Influence of Meteorological Factors and Atmospheric Pollutants on the Risk of Preterm Birth. Am J Epidemiol. 2017 Feb 15;185(4):247-258. PMID: 28087514
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid function in pregnant women and children: A systematic review of epidemiologic studies
Ballesteros V, Costa O, Iñiguez C, Fletcher T, Ballester F, Lopez-Espinosa MJ. Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid function in pregnant women and children: A systematic review of epidemiologic studies. Environ Int. 2017 Feb;99:15-28. PMID: 27884404
Assessment of parabens and ultraviolet filters in human placenta tissue by ultrasound-assisted extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Vela-Soria F, Gallardo-Torres ME, Ballesteros O, Díaz C, Pérez J, Navalón A, Fernández MF, Olea N. Assessment of parabens and ultraviolet filters in human placenta tissue by ultrasound-assisted extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2017 Mar 3;1487:153-161. PMID: 28129936
Determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human milk by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
Vela-Soria F, Jiménez-Díaz I, Díaz C, Pérez J, Iribarne-Durán LM, Serrano-López L, Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Olea N. Determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human milk by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Bioanalysis. 2016 Sep;8(17):1777-91. PMID: 27523983
Exposure to bisphenol A and behavior in school-age children
Perez-Lobato R, Mustieles V, Calvente I, Jimenez-Diaz I, Ramos R, Caballero-Casero N, López-Jiménez FJ, Rubio S, Olea N, Fernandez MF. Exposure to bisphenol A and behavior in school-age children. Neurotoxicology. 2016 Mar;53:12-19. PMID: 26654821
Environment and Brain Development: Challenges in the Global Context
Júlvez J, Paus T, Bellinger D, Eskenazi B, Tiemeier H, Pearce N, Ritz B, White T, Ramchandani P, Gispert JD, Desrivières S, Brouwer R, Boucher O, Alemany S, López-Vicente M, Suades-González E, Forns J, Grandjean P, Sunyer J. Environment and Brain Development: Challenges in the Global Context. Neuroepidemiology. 2016;46(2):79-82. PMID: 26684467
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